Abstract

Background and objectives: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major health problem in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Several studies have found a strong association between chronic diseases and depression, some studies have specifically associated depression with SCD. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression in SCD patients in Bahrain.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the Arabic version of Beck Depression Inventory-II scale was used to measure the level of depression in 196 SCD adult patients. Demographic data were collected and assessed against the level of depression.

Results: The prevalence of mild to severe depression was observed in 58.5% (n=115) of patients, 39% (n=76) were normal, and 2.5% (n=5) were extremely depressed. The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue, change in sleeping pattern, and loss of energy, while suicidal ideation was the least common. The degree of sleep disturbance was associated with the level of depression (P=0.0005). Gender was significantly associated with the level of depression (P=0.031). Prevalence of mild to extreme depression in women and men was 74% and 57%, respectively (odd’s ratio=2.19; 95% confidence interval=1.05–4.56; P=0.035).

Conclusion: Our results support the findings of previous studies, as they have revealed the high prevalence of depression in SCD patients. Thus, identifying and treating depression in SCD patients can improve their quality of life and their medical outcome.

Keywords: Anemia, sickle cell disease, depression, Bahrain