Abstract

Background: Primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Bahrain are the first point of contact for patients with urgent and non-urgent concerns. Effective triage ensures timely prioritization, safe patient flow, and optimal use of resources in high-volume primary care settings. Evidence on triage preparedness among PHC nurses remains limited.

Objectives: To assess triage-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among nurses in PHCs in Bahrain and identify factors associated with triage competence.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 1 to July 31, 2021, across 27 government PHCs in Bahrain. An online self-administered questionnaire targeting nurses in treatment rooms, including diabetic nurses, mother and child health nurses, and nursing supervisors. Nurses from private facilities, COVID-19 pool, mobile units, and temporary hospital placements were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and associations between triage competence and demographic and professional characteristics were examined.

Results: Among 555 nurses, most were aware of a triage protocol (96.9%) and knew how to access its manual (88.3%). Only 5.2% attended formal triage training, while 1.4% held related certifications. Although 74.2% found the manual easy to use, only 25.8% were very confident in their ability to apply it. Triage was mainly performed for urgent complaints (91%) and for no-appointment cases (90.6%). Professional titles, years of experience, and triage training were significantly associated with higher knowledge and confidence.

Conclusion: Despite high awareness of triage protocols, gaps in formal training and confidence persist among PHC nurses in Bahrain. Structured triage education and standardized implementation are recommended to enhance triage safety and quality.